영어문법 과거 시제와 과거 진행 시제 | used to | when | while

 

 

과거 시제 

과거 시제> 영어로 '했다', '이었다'
과거 진행> 영어로 '하는 중이었다'

과거 시제 > '했다', '이었다'    Her parents first met 3 years ago.
일반 동사 과거 시제 동사 원형 > 과거 시제 동사로 변화	I boiled water to make tea. Christina received a letter from Jeff. World War I began in 1914 and ended in 1918. Is that a new hatˀ? Yes. I bought it a week ago. We ate at that Chinese restaurant last time.
일반 동사 과거 시제 부정문  did not + 원형R	I didn't see you at the meeting yesterday. We didn't play golf last weekend because of the rain. Ten years ago, our town didn't have any tall buildings.
일반 동사 과거 시제 부정문  Did + 주어S + 원형R ~?	Did you get my message? When did the children go to sleep? Did Matt tell you about his accident?
be 동사 과거 시제	The sky was beautiful this morning. We were at the library with Tim. Was the musical goodˀ? No,it was not. Where were you earlierˀ? You were not in your office.

 

 

일반 동사의 과거 시제 변화 

+ed	ask > asked allow > allowed order > ordered reach  > reached
e/ -ee/ -ie +d	create > created believe >belived agree > agreed die > died
자음 +y y를 i로 바꾸고 +ed	try > tried apply  >  applied study > studied bury >buried
모음 + y +ed	enjoy > enjoyed delay > delayed say > said(예외) pay > paid(예외)
단모음+단자음 자음 한번 더 +ed	drop > dropped beg > begged occur > occurred equip > equipped

 

  

과거진행 시제 

과거진행시제. 과거 특정 시점에 진행 중인 일	Someone knocked on his door at 2 p.m. yesterday. He was reading a book.
Be 동사 과거 +ing	My roommate was not doing anything when I got home. Who were you waiting for this morning? Paula was printing something when the power went out.

 

 

과거 시제 과거진행 시제 비교 

과거시제 > 과거에 끝난 어떤 일	What did you do last summer? I traveled around Europe. Jerry and Cindy had pizza for lunch.
과거 진행 시제> 과거 그 시점에 진행 중이었던 일	Where were you on New Year's Day? I was traveling in Europe. I saw Jerry and Cindy at the restaurant. They were having pizza.

 

 

(과거, 현재) 진행 시제와 쓰지 않는 동사들

Know                   understand                believe               remember                    agree
need                    love/like                     hate                   want                             have/own
possess               belong                       contain 

예문:
I knew everyone at the party, so I felt comfortable.
Did you believe in ghosts when you were youngˀ? No, I did't.

 

 

when 절과 while 절 비교 

 

While 동안  도중에 일어난 일	While she was dancing, he entered her room.   While we were going home, the fireworks began. How did you hurt your armˀ? I fell while I was getting off the bus. While Ms. Johnson was cleaning her house, she found some old photos.
When 때  도중에 일어난 일 순서의 흐름	When he entered her room, she turned off the music.   Last night, we wrapped all the presents and put them under the Christmas tree. When we wrapped all the presents, put them under the Christmas tree. When Andy and Robert finshed dinner, they went to get ice cream. When/After I moved to Chicago, I got a job as a news reporter. The crowd cheered when the singer stepped onto the stage.

 

 

when 절을 while 절로 바꾸기 

When we met Jenny in China, we were traveling.
> While we were traveling, we met Jenny in China.

I was driving, so I didn't answer my phone.
> While I was driving, I didn't answer my phone.

Julie was still working in the office when somebody turned off the lights.
> While Julie was still working in the office, somebody turned off the lights.

Max spilled some of his coffee. He was walking too fast with it.
> While he was walking so fast with it, Max spilled some of his coffee.

 

 

used to와 be used to 비교 

 

Used to + 동사원형   ~ 하곤 했다
Used to + 동사 원형	She drives a car now. She used to take the bus every day. I used to study German, but I don't study it anymore. Nora used to call me once a week. She does not call me often anymore.
Used to + 동사 원형  부정문 didn't use to	I did not use listen to classical music. I started liking it only a few months ago.
Used to + 동사 원형 의문문 Did 주어 used to + R	Did you use eat at Jimmy's Burgers in college? Yes! I miss that place.
Never used to	My mother never used to work on weekends. Now she often works on Saturdays.

 

 

Used to + R과 be used to + ing 비교

Used to + 동사원형  ~ 하곤 했다 Used to + R	I used to wake up early, but these days I usually sleep until noon. I used to share clothes with my sister when we were the same size.
Be used to + 동명사/명사  Be used to + ing	I have class at 7 o'clock every morning, so I'm used to waking up early. My sister and I are used to sharing clothes.

 

 

Used to/ 과거 시제/ 현재 시제 차이

Used to 과거에는 그러했으나 지금은 아님	I used to work out at the gym every weekend. I am too busy these days.
과거 시제 과거에 있던 일, 지금의 여부는 알 수 없음	I worked out at the gym on weekends last year.
현재시제 현재 반복적으로 운동하고 있음.	I work out at the gym every weekend.

 

 

정리 

일반동사의 과거 시제는	-ed I boiled water to make tea.
일반동사의 과거, 부정문은	didn't R I didn't see you at the meeting yesterday.
일반동사의 과거, 의문문은	Did 주어 R Did you get my message?
Be 동사의 과거 시제는	was/were The sky was beautiful this morning.
Be 동사의 과거, 부정문은	+ not Was the musical goodˀ? No,it was not.
Be 동사의 과거, 의문문은	was/were 주어~? Was the musical goodˀ? No,it was not.
과거 진행 시제는	was/were +ing Where were you on New Year's Day? I was traveling in Europe.
Used to 의 부정문	did not use to + R I did not use listen to classical music. I started liking it only a few months ago.
Used to 의 의문문	Did 주어 use to + R~? Did you use eat at Jimmy's Burgers in college? Yes! I miss that place.

2024.10.23 - [영어] - 영어문법 현재시제와 현재진행 시제

영어문법 현재시제와 현재진행 시제